Teaching does not move directly into outcome. Between the lesson and the result lies a complex space where students interpret, organise, practise, forget, avoid, persist or fragment.
That middle space is where learning behaviour becomes visible. It is also where many academic difficulties begin, long before a poor score appears.
What is taught and what is learned are connected, but they are not identical.
The learner shapes the gap
Students bring beliefs, expectations, confidence, stress and habits into this space. Those factors affect how instruction becomes — or fails to become — learning.